Friday, May 4, 2012

The Progress until Now

Located which arteries we going to examine the blood flow inside it >>> Upper Limb Arteries

Figured which utrasound device would be used in scanning the upper limb arteries blood flow and pressure >>> Doppler Ultrasound


Finded Which equations & methods will be used in order to convert the blood flow data into MATLAB language >>> The Navier-Stokes equations, Finite Difference Method, and Numerical Scheme.

WHY & WHY!!!

WHY Blood Flow? - not arteries-

  •  Blood circulation is essential for body. Every cell in the body needs to received oxygen and nutrients. Blood rich in oxygen is sent to the body organs, tissues and cells to nourish them, and the waste products that result are disposed of through the same system.  Simply the body cannot function well without a strong circulatory system.
  • Lack of studies which has been dedicated directly to examine the effect of smoking to the blood flow.

WHY Upper Limb Arteries?

If we look into the arterial system (refer to picture below) we can see that the best place to examine the blood flow is the arteries of upper limb for these reasons:
  • Near to heart so we can see the blood speed and the blood pressure defferences easily.
  • Near to surface (skin) so we can scan it easily and accurately.
  • Branched into to terminal arteries so it is provide us enhancement of reading.


WHY Doppler Ultrasound?


Any regular ultrasounds uses sound waves to produce images, but non of them can show blood flow. Doppler the only one which can measure our blood flow and blood pressure.


WHY MATLAB Simulation?


Becuase MATLAB very familiar and popular engineering field. In 2004, MATLAB had around one million users across industry and academia. MATLAB users come from various backgrounds of engineering, science, and economics. MATLAB is widely used in academic and research institutions as well as industrial enterprises.

Project Main Tools

Simulation >>> MATLAB Software


MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. MATLAB is widely used in academic and research institutions as well as industrial enterprises.



Examine Area >>> Upper Limb Arteries


Runs from lower border of teres major to neck of radius and ends by dividing into radial and ulnar arteries. Upper limb Arteries contain of three terminal branchs
  • Brachial artery
  • Radial artery
  • Ulnar artery


Blood Flow Test >>> Doppler Utrasound Device


Doppler ultrasound is a noninvasive test that can be used to measure your blood flow and blood pressure by bouncing high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) off circulating red blood cells.


 

Project Main Idea

  • Bring two young persons one is a smoking person and the other is a non-smoking person.
  • Test and calculate their blood flow.
  • Simulate the result.
  • Compare thier result and see how bad the smoking affects the human blood circulatory.

Thursday, May 3, 2012

Project Motivation



According to Man Health Magazine it has been known since the 1950s that the health effects of smoking cigarettes are devastating and include directly causing lung cancer.

There is overwhelming medical and scientific consensus that smoking cigarettes also causes, heart disease, stroke, emphysema and more than 50 other different diseases and disorders, many fatal.

Half of all long term cigarette smokers are likely to be killed by the harmful effects of cigarette smoking, losing an average of 16 years of life.

Every cigarette shortens your life by 14 minutes.

The number of people under 70 years of age dying from diseases as a result of the effects of smoking cigarettes exceeds the total figure for deaths caused by breast cancer, AIDS, traffic accidents and drug addiction. 

There are more than 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke, including 43 known cancer-causing (carcinogenic) compounds and 400 other toxins. 

The Harmful Health Effects of Smoking Cigarettes

  • Smoking cigarettes causes cancer.
  • Smoking cigarettes causes heart disease and stroke. Early signs of these diseases can be found in adolescents who smoke.
  • Cigarette smokers have a lower level of lung function than those persons who have never smoked.
  • Smoking cigarettes reduces the rate of lung growth.
  • Someone who smokes a pack or more of cigarettes each day lives, on average, 7 years less than someone who never smoked.
  • The resting heart rates of young adult cigarette smokers are two to three beats per minute faster than non-smokers. 

That is why I dedicate this project to reflect to people and show them the hazards and danger of smoking ,to the one of most significant circulatory ever -to the human blood circulatory-